Cheng Daoyang 程道養

Cheng Daoyang 程道養 (r. 432-437) was a rebel and counter-sovereign during the Liu-Song period 劉宋 (420-479). He hailed from Baogan 枹罕 (present-day Linxia 臨夏, Gansu) and was a monk in Yangquan Monastery 陽泉寺 in Chengdu 成都.

The regional inspector (cishi 刺史) of the province of Yizhou 益州 (approx. today's Sichuan), Liu Daoji 劉道濟, misappropriated state-owned iron tools to sell them at high prices on the market, causing many traders to lose their professions. In 432, many of them, along with other discontented and oppressed people, formed various groups of rebels, some led by Xu Muzhi 許穆之, and killed local representatives of the state. Xu Muzhi adopted the name Sima Feilong 司馬飛龍, feigning to be a kinsman of the former Jin dynasty 晉 (265-420). Yet he died in battle. Other groups were led by Zhao Guang 趙廣 and Bo Di Nu 帛氐奴, forming a popular uprising and attacked the cities of Guanghan 廣漢 and Fuling 涪陵, and besieged Chengdu. Cheng Daoyang, who also led a rebel group, named himself King of Shu 蜀, choosing the reign motto Taishi 泰始. However, his army of more than 10,000 men was defeated by government troops of the Liu-Song empire, and he fled to the Qi Mountains 郪山. In 437 Zhao Guang surrendered, and Cheng was killed. In 437, the rebel leaders Zhao Guang and Zhang Xun 張尋 surrendered and were in 439 killed as well.