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Hu Zhe 扈輒

Mar 6, 2019 © Ulrich Theobald

Hu Zhe 扈輒 was a military leader of the state of Zhao 趙 during the late Warring Staters period 戰國 (5th cent.-221 BCE). In 234, the state of Qin 秦 launched a large-scale attack on the state of Zhao and conquered its most northwestern commanderies Yanmen 雁門 and Yunzhong 雲中. General Huan Yi 桓齮 was given command for further advance to Pingyang 平陽 and Wucheng 武城 (today's Cixian 磁縣, Hebei). The army of Zhao was heavily defeated, and Hu Zhe was killed, while 100,000 of his troops were massacred.

A year later, Huan Yi defeated the army of Zhao once more at Chili 赤麗 and Yi'an 宜安 (Shijiazhuang 石家莊, Hebei). Only the ensuing campaign under Li Mu 李牧 brought Zhao victory again, as he defeated Qin in the battle of Fei 肥 (Jinxian 晉縣, Shanxi).

Sources:
Cang Xiuliang 倉修良, ed. Shiji cidian 史記辭典 (Jinan: Shandong jiaoyu chubanshe), 499.
Yan Jingye 閻敬業 (1992). "Qin-Zhao Fei zhi zhan 秦趙肥之戰", in Chen Xiansi 陳顯泗, ed. Zhong-wai zhanzheng zhanyi da cidian 中外戰爭戰役大辭典 (Changsha: Hunan chubanshe), 15.
Zhang Ke 張克, Huang Kangbo 黃康白, Huang Fangdong 黃方東, ed. (1991). Shiji renwu cidian 史記人物辭典 (Nanning: Guangxi renmin chubanshe), 220.
Zhang Jianhua 張建華, ed. (1996). Handan cidian 邯鄲辭典 (Beijing: Kexue puji chubanshe), 311.