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Pusa jieben 菩薩戒本, also known as Pusa shanjie jing 菩薩善戒經 or Yuejia jieben 瑜伽戒本, is an important vinaya text on monastic rules in Buddhism. It was allegedly transmitted by the Bodhisattva Maitreya (Ch. Mile Pusa 彌勒菩薩) and translated into Chinese in the Northern Liang kingdom 北涼 (398-439/460) by Dharmakṣema (Ch. Tanwuchen 曇無讖, 385-433 or 439), with the title Pusa jieben, and in the Liu-Song empire 劉宋 (420-479) by Guṇavarman (Ch. Qiunabamo 求那跋摩, 367-431), titled Pusa shanjie jing. The great Tang-period 唐 (618-907) master Xuanzang 玄奘 (602-664) also translated the text, along with a kind of para-text or excerpt, Pusa jie jiemo wen 菩薩戒羯磨文. A fourth translation, titled Youbosai wujie weiyi jing 優婆塞五戒威儀經, cannot be ascribed to a particular author. The most widespread version is that of Xuanzang.
The text mainly explains the characteristics of the Bodhisattva precepts. It enumerates four major (grave) precepts (zhongjie 重戒) and forty-eight minor precepts (qingjie 輕戒). The Bodhisattva precepts are divided into three main categories (sanzhong jie 三聚戒), namely precepts of vinaya discipline (lüyi jie 律儀戒), precepts of virtuous conduct (shanfa jie 善法戒), and precepts benefiting sentient beings (raoyi youqing jie 饒益有情戒). Grave precepts include coveting wealth or respect, praising oneself or disparaging others, seeking wealth or resources from others while being stingy and not giving, being angry with sentient beings and refusing to accept advice or apologies, and slandering the Mahayana teachings while speaking of superficially similar doctrines.
The most important commentaries are Huiyuan's 慧遠 (334-416) Dichi lunyi ji 地持論義記, Dunlun's 遁倫 Yujia shidi lun ji 瑜伽師地論記, Guiji's 窺基 (632-682) Yuejia shifi lun lüezuan 瑜伽師地論略纂 and Zhixu's 智旭 (1599-1655) Pusa jieben jin jianyao 菩薩戒本經箋要. In Japan, Gyōsei 行性 wrote the Pusa jieben jianjie (Bosatsu kaibon senge) 菩薩戒本箋解.