Haiyue mingyan 海嶽名言

Haiyue mingyan 海嶽名言 "Famous words about sea and mountains" is a critical book on calligraphy. The 25 brief chapters, or rather statements, were compiled by disciples of the famous artist Mi Fu 米芾 (1051-1107) according to his oral instructions.

It can be said that Mi Fu admired the natural elegance of ancient paintings from the Wei 曹魏 (220-265) and Jin 晉 (265-420) periods, while he had only irreverential words for many of the famous masters of the Tang 唐 (618-907) and the early Song period 宋 (960-1279). He directly says that Cai Jing 蔡京 (1047-1126) "could not master the brush" (bu de bi 不得筆), Cai Bian 蔡卞 (1048-1117) "mastered it, but missed rhythm" (de bi er fa yi yun 得筆而乏逸韻), Cai Xiang 蔡襄 (1012-1067) "exerted force on the characters" (le zi 勒字), Shen Liao 沈遼 (1032-1085) "stringed them up" (pai zi 排字), Huang Tingjian 黃庭堅 (1045-1105) "sketched characters" (miao zi 描字), and Su Shi 蘇軾 (1037-1101) merely "painted them" (hua zi 畫字). This leaves quite an image of arrogance displayed by Mi, even if he admitted that Ouyang Xun 歐陽詢 (557-641), Yu Shinan 虞世南 (558–638), Cai Xiang or Huang Tingjian had immense skills in their use of the brush and opened new ways of painting by disclosing unprecedented subtlety in their artworks.

Some phrases reveal Mi Fu's own concepts of calligraphy, notably that "big" (complex) characters should resemble "smaller" (simple) ones, and vice versa. He believed that big characters should give smaller ones the power of brushstrokes to create a balanced image (bi shi bei quan 筆勢備全), while small characters could bring strength, structure, and spirit (jingu shenqi 筋骨神氣). This approach fosters an overall sense of stability, avoiding improper protrusions, austerity, or excessiveness.

The text is included in the series Baichuan xuehai 百川學海, Wangshi shuhua yuan 王氏書畫苑, Shuofu 說郛, Yanyi zhilin 鹽邑志林, Siku quanshu 四庫全書, Hengshancaotang congshu 橫山草堂叢書, Hubei xianzheng yishu 湖北先正遺書, Meishu conshu 美術叢書 and Congshu jicheng chubian 叢書集成初篇.